Coronary Heart Disease: A Comprehensive GCSE Biology Guide
Introduction
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major health concern worldwide. It is the narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. This narrowing is most commonly caused by a build-up of fatty material called atheroma.
CHD is a serious condition that can lead to a heart attack. It is important to understand the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis of CHD to help prevent it.
Main Content
Causes of CHD
The main causes of CHD are:
- High cholesterol levels
- High blood pressure
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Physical inactivity
- Family history of CHD
Symptoms of CHD
The most common symptom of CHD is chest pain. This pain is often described as a feeling of pressure, tightness, or squeezing in the chest. Other symptoms of CHD include:
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Vomiting
Diagnosis of CHD
CHD is diagnosed using a range of tests, including:
- Physical examination
- Blood tests
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Echocardiogram
- Coronary angiogram
Treatment of CHD
The treatment of CHD depends on the severity of the condition. Treatment options include:
- Lifestyle changes (e.g., diet, exercise)
- Medication
- Surgery
Conclusion
CHD is a serious condition, but it can be prevented and treated. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis of CHD, you can help to protect your heart and improve your overall health.
Tips for Exam Success
- Practice identifying the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis of CHD.
- Use diagrams to explain the different stages of CHD.
- Be able to evaluate the different treatment options for CHD.
FAQ
- What is the main cause of CHD?
The main cause of CHD is a build-up of fatty material called atheroma in the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle.
- What are the symptoms of CHD?
The most common symptom of CHD is chest pain, which is often described as a feeling of pressure, tightness, or squeezing in the chest. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting.
- How is CHD diagnosed?
CHD is diagnosed using a range of tests, including a physical examination, blood tests, an ECG, an echocardiogram, and a coronary angiogram.
- How is CHD treated?
The treatment of CHD depends on the severity of the condition. Treatment options include lifestyle changes (e.g., diet, exercise), medication, and surgery.