Master GCSE Biology

MS1:

- A structure in the nucleus that contains DNA (1)

- Carries genes (1)

MS2:

- Reduces the chromosome number by half (1)

- Creates gametes (1)

- Provides genetic variation through crossing over and random fertilisation (1)

MS3:

- Individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce (1)

- Passing on advantageous genes increases their frequency in the population (1)

- Gradual accumulation of these changes leads to evolution (1)

- Environment plays a role in determining which traits are advantageous (1)

MS4:

- Genotype: Genetic makeup (1)

- Phenotype: Observable characteristics (1)

MS5:

- Semiconservative process where each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one new strand (1)

- Complementary base pairing ensures correct copying (1)

- Enzymes involved in the process safeguard accuracy (1)

MS6:

- Potential to cure genetic diseases (1)

- Concerns about unintended consequences (1)

- Raising of legal and social issues (1)

- Importance of responsible use and regulation (1)

MS7:

- A group of organisms that can interbreed (1)

- Produce fertile offspring (1)

MS8:

- Mutations introduce genetic changes (1)

- Can increase or decrease genetic diversity (1)

- Can create new alleles that may be beneficial or harmful (1)

MS9:

- Selecting and breeding individuals with desired traits (1)

- Passing on favorable genes to offspring (1)

- Gradually improving crop characteristics (1)

- Feed security and sustainability (1)

MS10:

- Genetically identical copy of an organism (1)

- Derived from asexual reproduction (1)