Expert Maths & Science Tutoring

Q1. Knowledge Recall (1 mark)

Define the term monoclonal antibody.

Q2. Application (2 marks)

Explain how monoclonal antibodies are used to treat cancer.

Q3. Knowledge Recall (2 marks)

State two advantages of using monoclonal antibodies in diagnosis.

Q4. Data Analysis (3 marks)

The graph shows the number of monoclonal antibodies bound to cancer cells over time.

[Graph description would be here]

Calculate the rate of increase in antibody binding between 0 and 20 minutes.

Q5. Knowledge Recall (1 mark)

What is the name of the technique used to produce monoclonal antibodies?

Q6. Application (3 marks)

Describe how hybridoma technology is used to produce monoclonal antibodies.

Q7. Knowledge Recall (2 marks)

Explain the difference between polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies.

Q8. Application (2 marks)

Suggest a potential use of monoclonal antibodies in food safety testing.

Q9. Data Analysis (4 marks)

A monoclonal antibody has a binding affinity constant (K) of 10^8 M^-1.

Calculate the dissociation constant (K_d) for this antibody.

Q10. Knowledge Recall (1 mark)

What is the ethical concern associated with the use of monoclonal antibodies?