Expert Chemistry Tutoring

Q1. Name two primary pollutants. (2 marks)

Q2. State the difference between greenhouse gases and ozone-depleting substances. (2 marks)

Q3. Explain how sulfur dioxide can contribute to acid rain. (3 marks)

Q4. Describe the impact of nitrogen oxides on human health. (3 marks)

Q5. Calculate the molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2). (3 marks)

Q6. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between methane and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst. (4 marks)

Q7. Analyze data on the concentration of particulate matter in an urban area and suggest possible causes. (4 marks)

Q8. Evaluate the effectiveness of measures taken to reduce air pollution in recent years. (4 marks)

Q9. Discuss the role of atmospheric pollutants in climate change. (4 marks)

Q10. Describe the impact of air pollution on biodiversity and suggest ways to mitigate it. (4 marks)

- 1 mark for naming any two primary pollutants, e.g., carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter

- 1 mark for a correct explanation of the difference between the two types of pollutants

- 1 mark for stating that greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere

- 1 mark for stating that ozone-depleting substances react with ozone in the Earth's atmosphere

- 1 mark for stating that sulfur dioxide reacts with water to form sulfurous acid

- 1 mark for explaining that sulfurous acid can dissolve in rainwater to form acid rain

- 1 mark for stating the impact of acid rain on the environment, e.g., damage to forests, acidification of lakes

- 1 mark for stating that nitrogen oxides can cause respiratory problems, e.g., asthma, bronchitis

- 1 mark for explaining that nitrogen oxides can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, which can also cause respiratory problems

- 1 mark for providing another impact of nitrogen oxides on human health, e.g., cardiovascular disease

- 1 mark for correctly identifying the elements present in carbon dioxide (C and O)

- 1 mark for correctly calculating the relative atomic mass of carbon dioxide (12 + 2 × 16 = 44)

- 1 mark for stating the correct molar mass (44 g/mol)

- 1 mark for the correct reactants (methane and oxygen)

- 1 mark for the correct products (carbon dioxide and water)

- 1 mark for inclusion of a catalyst (e.g., platinum)

- 1 mark for accurate analysis of the data, e.g., identifying patterns, trends, or outliers

- 1 mark for suggesting possible causes of the particulate matter, e.g., traffic, industry, construction

- 1 mark for suggesting additional factors that could influence particulate matter levels, e.g., weather, topography

- 1 mark for suggesting possible mitigation measures

- 1 mark for identifying specific measures taken to reduce air pollution, e.g., catalytic converters, renewable energy, stricter emission standards

- 1 mark for evaluating the effectiveness of these measures, e.g., by providing evidence or data

- 1 mark for suggesting areas for improvement or future action

- 1 mark for a well-reasoned conclusion

- 1 mark for stating that greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere

- 1 mark for explaining how this leads to an increase in global temperatures

- 1 mark for describing the potential impacts of climate change, e.g., sea level rise, extreme weather events

- 1 mark for suggesting ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

- 1 mark for stating that air pollution can damage plants and animals

- 1 mark for explaining the specific impacts of air pollution on biodiversity, e.g., reduced photosynthesis, respiratory problems

- 1 mark for suggesting ways to mitigate the impact of air pollution on biodiversity, e.g., reducing emissions, promoting green spaces

- 1 mark for suggesting additional measures to protect biodiversity from air pollution