Master GCSE Biology

MS1.

- A stimulus is a change in the environment that can be detected by an organism (1)

MS2.

- Neurones transmit electrical impulses away from the receptor (1)

- Neurones transmit the impulse to the effector via a synapse (1)

MS3.

- Insulin (1)

- Glucagon (1)

MS4.

- Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the blood (1)

- Hormones are transported to target organs (1)

- Hormones cause specific responses in target organs, helping to maintain homeostasis (1)

MS5.

- Helps to prevent damage to cells and tissues (1)

- Ensures optimal enzyme activity (1)

- Maintains optimal body temperature for metabolism (1)

MS6.

- Gibberellins (1)

MS7.

- ADH is released by the pituitary gland in response to reduced water levels in the blood (1)

- ADH acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption (1)

- This reduces urine output and increases blood water levels (1)

MS8.

- Releases adrenaline (1)

- Adrenaline increases heart rate and respiration (1)

- Adrenaline dilates airways, increasing oxygen intake (1)

MS9.

- Reflex arc (1)

MS10.

- Negative feedback involves a response that reduces the original stimulus (1)

- The response counteracts the change in the internal environment (1)

- This helps to restore the internal environment to a set point or equilibrium (1)

- The human body uses negative feedback systems to regulate processes such as body temperature, blood glucose levels, and water balance (1)