Master GCSE Biology

MS1

- A group of similar cells with the same function (1)

MS2

- Produces bile salts that emulsify/break down fats into smaller droplets (1)

- This increases the surface area of the fat for enzymes to work on (1)

MS3

- Thick, muscular walls to withstand high blood pressure (1)

- Narrow lumen/channel to increase pressure (1)

- No valves (1)

MS4

- Arteries (1)

MS5

- Exercise increases the demand for energy (1)

- Enzymes respond by increasing their activity (1)

- Up to an optimum level/above this, enzymes may become denatured (1)

MS6

- Stick together to form a plug that blocks the damaged blood vessel (1)

- Release chemicals that cause the surrounding blood vessels to narrow (1)

- Activate the clotting factor sequence (1)

MS7

- Neutrophils (1)

- Macrophages (1)

MS8

- Carcinogens in cigarettes damage the lining of arteries (1)

- Cholesterol builds up in damaged arteries and forms atheromatous plaques (1)

MS9

- Water is absorbed by the roots (1)

- Xylem vessels are hollow and joined end to end to form a long, continuous tube (1)

- Water molecules form a continuous column up the xylem, pulled by the force of evaporation from the leaves (1)

MS10

- Small pores on the surface of leaves that allow the exchange of gases (1)

- Controlled by guard cells (1)