Master GCSE Biology

MS1:

- A group of organs working together to perform a specific function (1)

MS2:

- Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets (1)

- This increases the surface area of the fats, making them more accessible to enzymes (1)

MS3:

- Right atrium: Receives deoxygenated blood from the body (1)

- Right ventricle: Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs (1)

- Left atrium: Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs (1)

- Left ventricle: Pumps oxygenated blood to the body (1)

MS4:

- Structure: Long, hollow tubes with thick, lignified cell walls (1)

- Function: Transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves (1)

- Xylem vessels are hollow to allow the efficient flow of water (1)

- Lignification provides support and prevents collapse (1)

MS5:

- Statins inhibit the production of cholesterol in the liver (1)

- This reduces the amount of cholesterol in the blood (1)

- Lower blood cholesterol levels reduce the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in arteries (1)

MS6:

- Artery (1)

MS7:

- Transpiration occurs when water evaporates from the leaves (1)

- This creates a negative pressure that pulls water up the stem through xylem vessels (1)

MS8:

- White blood cells extend their cell membrane around the pathogen (1)

- The phagocytosed pathogen is enclosed in a vacuole (1)

- Enzymes in the vacuole break down the pathogen (1)

- The digested remains are released into the blood (1)

MS9:

- When water is plentiful, guard cells become turgid and open the stomata (1)

- When water is scarce, guard cells become flaccid and close the stomata (1)

- Opening stomata allows gas exchange for photosynthesis (1)

MS10:

- Red blood cells (1)